1. Background
Fulvic acid, a low molecular weight fraction of humic substances, is renowned for its outstanding chelating properties, nutrient transportation abilities, and biostimulant effects on plants. As global agriculture shifts toward sustainable and eco-friendly solutions, fulvic acid fertilizers have emerged as key tools in enhancing crop productivity and soil health.
2. Research Objective
To evaluate the effects of fulvic acid fertilizer on plant growth, nutrient uptake, soil microbial activity, and overall crop yield compared to conventional fertilization practices.
3. Materials and Methods
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Location: Field trial conducted in a temperate agricultural zone with loamy soil.
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Crops: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and maize (Zea mays).
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Treatments:
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Control (no fulvic acid application)
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Standard chemical fertilizer
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Standard fertilizer + 0.2% Fulvic Acid Fertilizer solution
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Standard fertilizer + 0.5% Fulvic Acid Fertilizer solution
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Application Method: Soil drenching combined with foliar spray at key growth stages.
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Duration: One full growing season (120 days).
4. Results
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Plant Growth:
Plants treated with fulvic acid showed a 15–25% increase in biomass compared to the control. -
Nutrient Uptake:
Leaf tissue analysis indicated higher concentrations of N, P, K, Fe, and Zn in fulvic acid-treated plants. -
Root Development:
Root volume and length were significantly enhanced, promoting better drought resilience. -
Soil Microbial Activity:
Soil enzyme activity (dehydrogenase and phosphatase) increased by 18–22%, suggesting a healthier rhizosphere. -
Crop Yield:
Yields improved by 17% (0.2% Fulvic Acid) and 23% (0.5% Fulvic Acid) relative to conventional fertilization alone.
5. Discussion
Fulvic acid acts as a natural chelator and stimulant, improving nutrient solubility and assimilation at the cellular level. It enhances plant metabolism, chlorophyll production, and stress resistance mechanisms. Moreover, by promoting microbial diversity, it indirectly supports nutrient cycling and long-term soil fertility.
6. Conclusion
Incorporating Fulvic Acid Fertilizer into fertilization programs can significantly improve crop yield, enhance soil health, and contribute to more sustainable agricultural practices. It is particularly valuable in areas facing soil degradation, nutrient depletion, and abiotic stress challenges.
7. Recommendations
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Use fulvic acid as a complementary input with standard fertilizers for maximum efficiency.
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Apply during critical growth phases: early vegetative, pre-flowering, and fruiting stages.
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Adjust concentration based on soil type, crop species, and local climate conditions.